Natural farming (NF), a sustainable agriculture practice, is being adopted across 11 Indian states, with over 6.5 lakh ha covered under NF1 . Initial evidence showcases several benefits for farmers, such as income rise, nutrition security and increased resilience. It also promises benefits for the government, such as savings in power subsidies. Given this momentum, the Chief Minister?s Rajasthan Economic Transformation Advisory Council (CMRETAC), under the Chairmanship of the Chief Minister, commissioned the Council of Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW) to assess: ? Should Rajasthan scale up Natural Farming? ? If yes, how Rajasthan could scale up Natural Farming?The study recommends that Rajasthan should invest in scaling NF in a phased manner with an adequate risk mitigation plan. We find that NF promises large potential benefits to farmers, consumers, the state government, and the environment. If scaled up in a phased manner, it poses low risks of not realising the expected benefits or risks of realising unintended impacts, and it shows high ease of implementation/adopotion.