Improved rural infrastructure increases agricultural productivity by enhancing farmers? access to markets, agricultural inputs, credit, market information, and technology, whilst providing the rural poor access to non-farm income-generating opportunities. Whereas, inefficient transport logistics infrastructure and services imply enormous (monetary and non-monetary) costs of production and marketing, and effectively wipe out much of the gains from sales, providing little incentive to farmers to increase outputs. The gains from increased agricultural productivity are affected by the agricultural/food supply chain inefficiencies and lead to reduction/stagnation of farmers? income and food wastage. Therefore, policy and investment decisions need to focus on improvements on both the supply and demand sides. In light of this, this study presents a framework to determine possible areas of supply chain investments that would positively impact farmer incomes while increasing the overall resilience of Rajasthan?s agriculture sector.The study was benefitted by intensive interactions with several stakeholders � farmers, farmer collectives (FPO). Consultations were done with CEO of over 60 FPOs, representing approx. 50,000 farmers spread across 26 districts of Rajasthan. In addition to farmers and FPOs, discussions were held with large and medium private sector companies, financial institutions, NABARD, Agri-food startups, etc. The senior officials of various departments of the Govt of Rajasthan were very helpful in sharing the challenges and opportunities. These include Agriculture, Agriculture Marketing, Horticulture, Industries, MSME, Rural Development, RUDA, State Warehousing Corporation, etc.